If you are experiencing symptoms that might be dystonia, it is always best to discuss your concerns first with your GP and, if necessary, they will make an appropriate referral.
They will usually refer you to a neurologist specialising in movement disorders for tests however in cases of blepharospasm you may be treated by an ophthalmologist and for laryngeal dystonia you may be seen by an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist.
To make the diagnosis the neurologist will need to investigate.
They may do this by:
It can sometimes take a long time to get a diagnosis of dystonia. This is because symptoms of dystonia can be similar to those of other conditions, so it is often a question of ruling these out first before arriving at a diagnosis.
Having a new diagnosis of dystonia can be a confusing and challenging time. We have put together a page especially for those who have been recently diagnosed to help you navigate the journey. You can also use our network of support groups in person or online to talk to others who have had similar experiences. You can also find the answers to many frequently asked questions in our Diagnosis and symptoms FAQs.
Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for dystonia, however, there are a number of different treatments that can reduce the symptoms of dystonia.
The most appropriate treatment is determined by the type and severity of the diagnosis. You will need to decide with the help of your clinical team the best options for treatment. It may take a combination of several of the treatments to help with the symptoms. Your clinical team may be made up of a several different specialists in order to facilitate this.
If you have any questions related to treatment that are not answered by the pages below check out our Treatment FAQs.
Botulinum toxin affects the nerves where they meet the muscles and reduces the excess muscle activity caused by dystonia. Read more
Complementary therapies refers to types of treatments outside of the traditional western medical mainstream when used alongside medical treatment. Read more
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure in which two thin, insulated electrodes are inserted into your brain. Read more
Selective denervation (SD) is a surgical operation that involves cutting through the nerves that control the overactive muscles causing the symptoms of dystonia. SD is used mainly for dystonia of the neck (cervical dystonia/spasmodic torticollis). Read more
There are several different medications that can be used to manage your symptoms of dystonia. Read more
Occupational therapy (OT) is the process of reviewing aspects of your daily life that you find difficult to see if there is an easier way that you can do them. Read more
Physiotherapy (physio) is tailored exercise, manual therapy or education and advice or a combination of the three that helps to restore your movement and function. Read more
Speech and language therapy (SALT) is a type of training that involves a mixture of exercises that can help you have better insight into how to speak more efficiently and effectively, improve swallowing and saliva control and reduce the risks of choking. Read more
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